Pregnancy and Birth Control Pills: A Comprehensive Guide
Introduction
Birth control pills, also known as oral contraceptives, are a highly effective method of preventing pregnancy. They work by preventing ovulation, the release of an egg from the ovary. Birth control pills are safe and effective when used correctly, but there are some potential side effects to be aware of.
How Birth Control Pills Work
Birth control pills contain hormones that mimic the natural hormones produced by the ovaries. These hormones prevent the ovaries from releasing an egg, and they also thicken the cervical mucus, making it more difficult for sperm to reach the egg.
There are two main types of birth control pills:
- Combination pills: These pills contain both estrogen and progestin.
- Progestin-only pills: These pills contain only progestin.
Combination pills are more effective than progestin-only pills, but they can also cause more side effects.
Effectiveness of Birth Control Pills
Birth control pills are very effective when used correctly. The failure rate is less than 1% for combination pills and about 5% for progestin-only pills.
Side Effects of Birth Control Pills
The most common side effects of birth control pills include:
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Breast tenderness
- Mood changes
- Weight gain
- Acne
- Irregular bleeding
These side effects usually go away within a few months of starting to take the pill.
Serious Side Effects of Birth Control Pills
In rare cases, birth control pills can cause serious side effects, such as:
- Blood clots
- Stroke
- Heart attack
- Liver damage
The risk of these side effects is higher for women who are over 35, smoke, or have a history of blood clots.
Who Should Not Take Birth Control Pills
Birth control pills are not right for everyone. Women who should not take birth control pills include:
- Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding
- Women who have a history of blood clots
- Women who have liver disease
- Women who have uncontrolled high blood pressure
- Women who are taking certain medications
How to Take Birth Control Pills
Birth control pills are taken once a day, at the same time each day. It is important to take the pill every day, even if you are not having sex. If you miss a pill, you may be at risk of pregnancy.
When to Start Taking Birth Control Pills
You can start taking birth control pills on the first day of your period. If you start taking the pill on another day of your cycle, you will need to use a backup method of birth control, such as condoms, for the first 7 days.
How Long to Take Birth Control Pills
You can take birth control pills for as long as you need to prevent pregnancy. There is no age limit for taking birth control pills.
When to Stop Taking Birth Control Pills
You should stop taking birth control pills if you become pregnant, if you have a serious side effect, or if you are planning to have a baby.
Pregnancy After Birth Control Pills
If you stop taking birth control pills, you may become pregnant within a few months. The time it takes to get pregnant after stopping birth control pills varies from woman to woman.
Other Methods of Birth Control
Birth control pills are just one of many methods of birth control available. Other methods include:
- Condoms
- Diaphragms
- IUDs
- Implants
- Sterilization
Talk to your doctor about which method of birth control is right for you.
Conclusion
Birth control pills are a safe and effective method of preventing pregnancy. They are easy to use and have a low failure rate. However, there are some potential side effects to be aware of. Talk to your doctor about whether birth control pills are right for you.